학내 언론사

제 7 호 The Space Immigration Plan to Mars

KICKER: SCIENCE (SPACE EMIGRATION) The Space Immigration Plan to Mars Mars Will be Another Option to Live By Dong-Wook Kim, Reporter smartpodo@kakao.com SpaceX, a company that Tesla’s CEO Elon Musk set up, has launched a missile capsule recently. The launched missile was destined to reach space with two astronauts. Amazingly, the launched projectile was successfully collected from Earth after shooting the missile capsule. SpaceX also announced that they will send civilians to the Moon by 2024 and planned to emigrate the human race to Mars ultimately. How can SpaceX plan this fairy-tale like planet immigration? In other words, how specifically are they planning to do a giant emigration? What is SpaceX? Space travel has always been an unsolved task that humanity should manage to succeed. Until then, Tesla’s largest shareholder, Elon Musk, established SpaceX on the 6th of May in 2002. He has dreamed of going to space, because he knew someday, the resources in Earth will be depleted and that is not the right direction for the human race living on Earth. It was the moment that a private enterprise has started to dive into the space industry. Their ambitious plan was to migrate most of mankind living on Earth. Another goal for SpaceX is to significantly save the cost for space transportation. Since SpaceX is interested in going to space, it is natural for them to be interested in the cost of going to space. However, the cost for the space experiment is known to be astronomical. In 1989, when the US fired a space rocket, they spent about 500 billion dollars for a single launch. This made a lot of countries to cut their budgets for exploring space. This made SpaceX to do research on how to save the cost of space travel. SpaceX's Spacecraft Falcon9 In 2008, SpaceX launched their first rocket which uses liquid fuel. Its name is Falcon 1, and it is reported that the rocket has entered Earth’s orbit successfully. Well, this was just a start for SpaceX. In 2010, SpaceX cooperated with NASA to make Falcon 9 to enter the orbit and for the Falcon Heavy, Dragon, sequentially. For Falcon Heavy, the projectiles of the rockets are used again, which made SpaceX to reduce the cost up to 1/3. How is SpaceX going to Carry Out the Plan to Live on Mars? We all have understood how fast SpaceX is continuing to succeed at launching rockets. The question is, how is SpaceX planning to migrate most of mankind to Mars? How can rockets travel to Mars with hundreds or thousands of people aboard? Mars does not have a typical temperature for humans to live in and also Mars is not a suitable environment for humans who are living on Earth. However, part of Mars is covered with ice, and atmosphere which is quite similar to early Earth. Elon insists that if we could warm Mars up, Mars will be covered with a thick atmosphere and liquid oceans. Additionally, he says that Mars is about half again as far from the Sun as Earth, so decent sunlight will be provided which means that we don’t have to think about global warming. The atmosphere consists of CO2 with some nitrogen and Argon, which means that humans can grow plants on Mars just by compressing the atmosphere to the elements that we use on Earth. He also talked about the procedures from landing on Mars to building a civilization. SpaceX would start off by sending Space commissions to Mars without any foundation on it. They will arrive on Mars by sending the spaceship up to orbit just like they did with the rockets. There is a time constraint in traveling to Mars, which is two years. The moment that the Earth and Mars become the closest distance which means there is a chance to fly to Mars every two years. By 2024, SpaceX will try to fly four ships to Mars to find the best source of water. After finding water, they will send off 6 extra spaceships to install a large array of solar panels, and they will create a machine to convert the natural minerals to store for needs. The foundation will get bigger and when the resources get abundant, SpaceX will gradually send multiple ships to start building up the city. Until 2050, SpaceX said that they will make ships that can carry up to a thousand people to Mars. This will make cities expand as more spacecraft land on Mars and eventually terraforming Mars. Space Plan of Elon Musk's SpaceX to Build Colonization on Mars Elon Musk’s SpaceX vs Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin There is another private enterprise that can be comparable with SpaceX. Blue Origin was founded by Jeff Bezos, CEO of Amazon and at the same time who is officially known to be the richest person on the Earth. As one of the space developing companies, Blue Origin has also presented about going to space. Blue Origin’s focus is slightly different to SpaceX’s migration. They said that Mars does not have a better environment than Earth. They say that Mars is farther away then we think it is. Jeff Bezos introduced about the “manufactured” world floating in space. This world has a massive machine to create gravity for people to feel the same as on Earth. The world consists of a lot of structures. Basically, this world is like a floating halo except it is really big. Inside, there will be high transportation for shipping products, agricultural areas and even drones. Blue Origin's Plan to Live on Space "Manufactured World' Migration to Mars has been expected to solve the population problem on Earth from 80 years ago. Back then, humanity thought it was not possible to think beyond the Earth. Due to all the geniuses on Earth, the great dream of the human race is getting close. Now, or sometime soon, I hope there will be a day when we can add the planet’s name when we write down our addresses. Sources: https://edition.cnn.com/2020/09/08/tech/spacex-mars-profit-scn/index.html http://thesciencelife.com/archives/237 https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20191120002200075 https://www.cnet.com/news/book-a-spacex-falcon-9-rocket-ride-online-for-as-cheap-as-1-million/

• 작성일 2020-09-27
• 좋아요 Like 4

제 6 호 Recent Environment Issues: New Types of Trash

Kicker: SCIENCE (ENVIRONMENT) Recent Environment Issues: New Types of Trash + Interview with YouTube Channel, "A Trash Kingdom” By Sarah Chae, Editor-in-Chief sarah3fran1@naver.com Our lives have changed a lot because of the Corona Virus. As people's outdoor activities have lessened, fine dust and air pollution levels have been going down too. At the same time, however, it is said that a huge amount of medical and mask wastes will affect the environment soon enough. This type of trash is new to most of us. Therefore, let’s learn about new types of wastes most of us did not recognize before. Plus, do not miss out on: 1. New types of waste: Medical and digital wastes 2. How to reduce it + How to throw it away properly 3. Interview with fellow SMU students who run the YouTube channel, "A Trash Kingdom(쓰레기왕국)" New types of waste: medical and digital wastes Recently, we are putting on masks every day. Thousands of individuals are being tested and treated, too. Along with protective equipment, such as masks and gloves, waste from treatment such as dressings and needles have also increased significantly. The Ministry of Environment said they have burned around 800t of medical waste which is related to the Corona virus. This is not a great signal for the earth because in the process of burning these medical wastes, harmful substances such as carbon monoxide and dioxin are released. The bigger problem is that the SM Herald could not find any safe and eco-friendly masks. Digital waste, which is also known as electronic waste (E-waste), is also a big issue around the world. Digital waste includes waste from electronic devices, pollution produced by manufacturing electronic devices/batteries, and pollution from the energy that is required from electronic devices. This means that in addition to device manufacturing and disposal, there is a growing impact on the environment to build and operate facilities for things like streaming and data transmission/management. Look at the picture below for more information about digital waste! How to reduce it + How to throw it away properly Masks can be reused, but only in particular cases. According to the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, if the mask is temporarily used in a place with low pollution concerns, it can be reused by the same person. The mask that was used should be dried in a well-ventilated* area. They advised that masks should not be dried with hairdryers or disinfected with microwaves or alcohol. Originally, when wearing a mask, it is right to separate the wire and plastic parts from a mask and recycle them. However, because of worries of infection there is now a new way to throw away masks properly. Take a look at the picture below and throw your mask away safely. *Ventilate:If you ventilate a room or building, you allow fresh air to get into it. It may be hard to reduce medical waste by ourselves, but there is a way to reduce digital waste for us too! From using notebooks instead of desktops and more, take a look at the picture below for more tips on reducing digital waste! Interview with fellow SMU students who run the YouTube channel, “A Trash Kingdom(쓰레기왕국)” Just like a ‘Trash Kingdom’, new/old/harmful kinds of trash are piling up everywhere. However, there are people who are working hard to make a small movement and reduce waste. The SM Herald asked two SMU students for a small (e-mail) interview and thankfully, they said yes! Let’s see what these fellow SMU students who run the YouTube channel, “A Trash Kingdom(쓰레기왕국)” want to say about reducing waste! ▶https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiWHm_D8N5QR-5MTXcdTtEA : Trash Kingdom YouTube Channel Q1. These videos about zero-waste and environment you make are very helpful and meaningful. How did you get interested in environmental issues and what motivated you to produce this useful content? A1. Just looking at the garbage, and the garbage that comes out a week in our real life, I felt that a lot of garbage was being thrown away. Once, we read this article about the sea. A sea turtle's nose was stuffed with straws, and a dead whale's belly was filled with plastic. They were suffering from the waste we dumped. At that moment, we felt the seriousness of this, and we became interested in environmental issues. Looking around at Anseo-dong, it was too easy to see that the separate recycling system is not working properly even in our own town. Environmental problems continue to be serious, and proper separation (recycling) and disposal are becoming important. We wanted to share and communicate stories about the environment with more people, so we created content about the environment. ▶ Trash Kingdom member Anpaka(안파카)(on the left) and Maengseuteo(맹스터)(on the right) says they created their YouTube channel because they wanted to share and communicate stories about the environment with lots of people. Q2. Where do these ideas come from? Is there any place you can study this kind of information? A2. We often research about the environment on the Internet, books, and articles! For example, we get information from Internet cafes where there are people who practice zero-waste. We get ideas from articles pointing out waste problems, and more information from reading books about the environment. Also, there was a ‘Almaeng Workshop’ in our trash kingdom video, and I got a lot of information while talking with the people I met there! I feel like I am getting more information from meeting people. Q3. Could you give your fellow SMU students some tips on how to reduce and learn about how to reduce waste? Or maybe could you give us some tips for what we can do for the Earth? A3. The easiest way to reduce waste in our daily lives is to recycle properly. According to a survey conducted by the Ministry of Environment over the last 11 months, 54% of the waste in the standard garbage bags were recyclable. We could see that a lot of resources were being wasted even though they could be recycled in our daily lives. The most basic and simple thing we can do for the earth is recycling waste the proper way; removing and washing substances (like food), removing pet bottle labels, not putting cigarettes or other substances in bottles, and crushing cans. Q4. Thank you for giving us great advice. Do you have any other plans for the future? A4. We're not environmentalists and we're not faithful activists. However, we felt that the point of view of people around us who subscribe to our YouTube channel is changing. We want to think about more interesting and various videos and contents, and we ‘Waste Kingdom’ want to become a channel which can learn and communicate with more people. After entering SMU, we were surprised to see how the school handles trash. The problem with our school's waste disposal system is that the only way to throw trash away is to put all kinds of trash - such as boxes, delivery food, paper, plastic bottles, and cans - all in one trash can. We think SMU should change the waste management system so we can recycle waste properly. The earth is unsustainable. It cannot sacrifice its resources forever. If we forget this, the price we need to pay will grow little by little. Our efforts and ideas can be never-ending, though. It is not that hard to reduce trash. Be aware, reduce some waste, and look out for your carbon/digital footprints. The SM Herald hopes you can help us in making the Earth healthier and a better place to live for everyone. Sources: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiWHm_D8N5QR-5MTXcdTtEA : Trash Kingdom YouTube Channel http://www.undp.org/content/seoul_policy_center/en/home/presscenter/articles/2019/building-back-better--green-new-deal-in-korea-and-elsewhere.html http://www.ecofuturenetwork.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=17513 https://www.bbc.com/news/business-51385344 https://www.elle.co.kr/article/46002 http://www.greenpostkorea.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=114757 http://news.kbs.co.kr/news/view.do?ncd=4179561 https://research-paper.co.kr/news/view/271912 http://news.khan.co.kr/kh_news/khan_art_view.html?artid=202002062139005 https://research-paper.co.kr/news/view/271912 https://ourworld.unu.edu/en/a-growing-digital-waste-cloud

• 작성일 2020-06-29
• 좋아요 Like 2

제 5 호 Corona, Who Are You? A to Z

Kicker: SCIENCE (DISEASE) Corona, Who Are You? A to Z Scientific Approach to Coronavirus by Ju-eun Yeon/Editor, Cha-eun Song /Reporter {yeonje1113, thdcogml}@naver.com In 2020, the corona virus has occurred. The official name is corona19 (COVID-19), a highly contagious new virus that started in Wuhan, China and spread around the world. The new virus has led to a shortage of masks or restraint from using dense facilities. In this article, we will introduce the causes of corona19 in relation to scientific facts, the process of dissemination, and the current state of vaccine development. The Cause of COVID-19 and the Differences with Other Coronaviruses ▲ The image of Covid-19 The beginning of COVID-19 was that the people who visited a fish market of Wuhan, Hubei Province got sick. The patients all showed pneumonia symptom like consolidation, but the exact cause was unknown. Therefore, scientists began to work on what caused the new virus. The Chinese Medical Journal said on February 11 that this virus which has plunged the world into chaos is an unprecedented new virus and is closely related to the SARS coronavirus originating from bats. The researchers determined the cause of the virus through five infected people who worked in the fish market of Wuhan. The study identified the virus through a sequence analysis using *NGS (Next Generation Sequencing) technology and found that most virus readings were the coronavirus line. The researchers then collected reading belonging to the coronavirus and made the entire base sequence of new virus which resulted in a similar 99.8 to 99.9% of all patients’ samples. It also compared base sequence with other viruses. The result showed that the base sequence of the new virus was coincident with SARS (79%) and MERS (51.8%) and showed 87.6 to 87.7% similarity with other coronaviruses (ZC4, ZXC21) which originated from Chinese bats. Therefore, the five samples obtained showed the closest evolutionary lineage to the bats, but considering the similarity is less than 90%; the researchers view them as the newly developed corona virus. Therefore, the new virus is called COVID-19 (COrona VIrus Disease-19). Dr. Wang who conducted this study said, “Every coronavirus infected by animals, and several virus infections including SARS and MERS were caused by bats. However, the exact origin of the new infection is not known until now.” The paper uploaded bioRxiv that is the platform bio-science paper gave a boost to this argument. The researchers analyzed samples of 227 bats collected by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishambana Tropical Botanical Gardens, in Yunnan Province, in the southwestern part of the country from May to October last year. As a result, the coronavirus, RmYN02, from bats has confirmed that HCoV-19 which caused COVID-19 are in the same homology as 93%. *NGS Technology: post-Sanger sequencing methods with high- throughput sequencing technologies Name The year of occurrence Place of occurrence Propagation path SARS 2002 China bat→musk cat→human MERS 2012 Middle East bat→camel→human COVID-19 2019 China Unknown ▲ Comparison of the coronaviruses How to Prevent This Disease Are we dealing with corona well? Although the initial response was well handled, including a clear understanding of the movements of the confirmed patients, the large number of secondary infections from the pseudo-religion of Sincheonji has become a major problem. In this situation, the most important thing is to prevent this disease. Thinking like “I think it’s not my business.” is very dangerous. Protecting our bodies is our own business. What are the means of prevention? It is the way that you maybe already know. First, wash your hands thoroughly and often in water for more than 30 seconds using soap! It is important to make regular hand washing a living. Second, wearing a mask is also important. Do not go out without a mask just because you feel stuffy! The simple thing is the best way. Vaccine Development Status How about a vaccine? According to the WSJ, U.S. pharmaceutical company Moderna has developed a vaccine that can contain the new corona and it is set to undergo clinical tests. Moderna is expected to begin clinical tests of the vaccine in late April on some 20 people. The drug industry, however, predicts that the clinical test is just an initial safety test and the real test will not be possible until late summer. In addition, major infectious disease experts say that reliable vaccines to be mass-produced and distributed to the world will not be available until at least 2021. What about MERS in the past? MERS virus is a same variant virus as corona. Considering that there is no cure for corona, the drug industry says that if Jinwon Life Sciences succeeds in developing a MERS vaccine, it will work for corona too. According to the pharmaceutical industry, Jinwon Life Sciences has been developing the MERS vaccine GLS-5300 (INO-4700) since 2015. The total development cost was about 3.5 billion won. However, it is known that it will take about 10 years to commercialize the MERS vaccine because it is still in the phase of clinical trials. As shown above, corona makes the world be in a state of emergency! Both for our health and economically, it poses great difficulties and fears. When looking at the situation that everyone wears a mask and people are afraid of cold symptoms, we can realize how grateful we should be for our normal daily lives. I hope all the students, all the people, and the global family can overcome this crisis together. Sources: https://news.mt.co.kr/mtview.php?no=2020031017522864787 https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20200309092200083?input=1195m https://www.editage.co.kr/insights/the-unusual-suspect%E2%80%94novel-coronavirus-identified?access-denied-content=metered&InsightsReferer=https://www.editage.co.kr/insights/the-unusual-suspect%E2%80%94novel-coronavirus-identified?regid=1584703222 Identification of a novel coronavirus causing severe pneumonia in human: a descriptive study, Chines Medical Journal, 2020 Next Generation Sequencing(NGS), A Key Tool to open the Personalized Medicine Era, Kwon Sun-il, 2012 https://biz.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2020/02/26/2020022602295.html https://news.joins.com/article/23714772 https://news.mt.co.kr/mtview.php?no=2020012309405455825

• 작성일 2020-03-20
• 좋아요 Like 2

제 4 호 You Can Be Iron Man, Too!

Kicker: SCIENCE (WEARABLE ROBOT) You Can Be Iron Man, Too! the Wearable Robots that Help Our Life by Ju-eun Yeon/Editor, Dong-wook Kim/Reporter yeonje1113, kdw27501@naver.com Do you know about wearable robots? Have you heard about them? Wearable robots are one of the most popular technologies like deep learning and automobile cars. However, the SMU students seem unfamiliar with wearable robots. Therefore, the SM Herald has launched an article about them. What are wearable robots? How far did their progress go? Let’s learn about these. What is a wearable robot? A wearable robot is a machine which is a device that interacts with signals from remote controls. It allows operators (mainly human) to control a humanoid robot known as androids. Are you familiar with Iron Man’s suit? His suit is designed and built for his personal body shape and personal type. Just like Iron Man’s suit, wearable robots are also designed after the function and shape of the human body. The size, features and the number of control units vary according to the user’s taste. For instance, if the user is mainly depending on his/her hands, then the device can have gloves as a part of the suit. If the user is working in a tough condition, they would demand to have a full body suit. In which case they can consider making a big suit like a medieval suit. Furthermore, the robot senses sights, sound and tactility and sends them to the wearer. As a result, this is the reason why the robots come into the limelight for medical and industrial purposes. What are wearable robots for? 1. Medical purposes ▲Man with Triplegia Walking with the Wearable Robot ‘WalkON Suit’ Most people recognize wearable medical robots as healthcare technologies, like smartwatches and Fitbits. However, there are some wearable robots helping human doctors for assisting disabled people to walk more freely. These are usually used with Velcro type’s buckle between the waist and both legs. These are designed so that the knee joints are free from stress and can lead everyday life well. Therefore, the wearable robots can act as a walker for people who are disabled or aged. 2. Industrial purposes ▲ the Wearable Robots Using Industrial Purposes in Hyundai Rotem Wearable robots also can be used as an aid to carry heavy loads, supports the waist, or act as a walker for someone who works in the industrial field. Then, let’s see in detail. First, the wearable robot that can carry heavy loads (lift – assisted wearing robot). It is a wearable robot that assists the forearm by bypassing the workload on the shoulder and arm with the pelvis when lifting and moving a heavy object. It is simple to wear and allows natural arm movements in the wearing state. It is usually designed to be worn on the shoulders and waist. Furthermore, the woven fabric and flexible materials used in robots has high wearing comfort. Second, the wearable robot that supports the waist. When lifting or maintaining a bent posture, the robot bypasses the weight on the waist to the pelvis and helps reduce back fatigue. It is also expected to prevent primal injury and muscle damage. Therefore, it is expected to be useful in industrial sites where heavy loads are repeatedly lifted. Are the improvements of the wearable technology unlimited? ▲LG Electronics’ Wearable Robot 'CLOi' According to a book on technology, there are already 79 companies around the world which are working to develop wearable robotics. Recently, LG Electronics’ robot department, SG robotics, has announced that they are speeding up to develop a broader concept of wearable robots. Their latest produced device is called ‘LG CLOi SuitBot,’ which is a leg assistant like Honda’s invention. However, while Honda’s Walking Assist system just supports the user’s legs, LG’s legs are just another level. They improved the uncomfortable factors when it comes to wearing these robot legs. They also added a feature to these cyborg legs, which the legs can adapt to the wearer. The legs are programmed to learn the nearby environment of the wearer, analyze the danger and alert that to the user. The machine is a representative example of AI. Including CLOi, LG Electronics has developed 8 AI machines. Their growth is expected to pull up the wearable robot technologies. The wearable robots started from just a metal machine, now a thinking machine and in the future, they are expected to approximate human intelligence. The probability of a space trip is near zero but with the help of the development of companies, soon we might see a second Neil Armstrong wearing a robot suit on the moon. Wearable robots are part of a field where high growth is expected. However, SMU students were not familiar with wearable robots compared to AI and automotive cars, so we wanted to write an article about wearable robots. We hope that SMU students will build up their knowledge of next – generation technologies. There is not much time left for Iron Man who has only been seen in the movies to appear in real life. Sources: https://www.robotliving.com/robot-news/hondas-robot-legs/ https://www.ossur.kr/prosthetic-solutions/products/upper-limb/i-limb-access https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-08777-2 https://social.lge.co.kr/newsroom/lg_cloi_0823/ https://www.seoul.co.kr/news/newsView.php?id=20190110020018 http://health.chosun.com/news/dailynews_view.jsp?mn_idx=297617 https://www.hankyung.com/economy/article/2018122782931 https://ettrends.etri.re.kr/ettrends/166/0905002215/ http://www.irobotnews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=18436

• 작성일 2019-12-06
• 좋아요 Like 5

제 3 호 The Development of Artificial Intelligence

Kicker: SCIENCE (AI) The Development of Artificial Intelligence The Direction of Development and the Influence on Our Life by Hye-im Li, Reporter kateli1004@naver.com Artificial Intelligence (AI) is intelligence demonstrated by machines, in contrast to the natural intelligence displayed by humans. One of the famous AI electronics is the ‘AI Speaker’. You might already have bought ‘AI Speaker’, too. According to Ministry of Science and ICT*, the sales volume of AI Speaker was 4.12 million. More than two times of AI Speakers were sold than last year. Facing with the fourth industrial revolution, the AI industry is developing from day to day. The Development of Artificial Intelligence ▲The match of AlphaGo and the Baduk Player, Lee Se-dol The match of AlphaGo and the Baduk player, Lee Se-dol in 2016 attracted national attention. The fact that a human was defeated by a machine had a huge impact. At the same time, we were surprised by the development of artificial intelligence. Deep learning technology** is a key technology which has led artificial intelligence to become the major element of the fourth industrial revolution. Keeping pace with the advancement of artificial intelligence, a lot of global companies are rushing into the artificial intelligence industry. The global companies including Google, IBM, Microsoft Corporation, Apple, Facebook, Alibaba, and Samsung are interested in the artificial intelligence industry due to the tremendous possibility of convergence and integration with other industries. The Present Condition of the Artificial Intelligence Industry Let’s take a look at particular industries in which artificial intelligence can be applied. It is the latest information of artificial intelligence industry. See if there is a field that you are interested in. ▶Health Technology LG CNS & Lunit Inc. is planning to carry forward a business: X-ray video analysis project. The combination of the cloud technology of LG CNS and the artificial intelligence of Lunit Inc. allows analysis of a medical X-ray image within 20 seconds. Also the accuracy is up to 94 percent. ▶Translation ▲GiGA Genie 2 and NUGU The mobile-service companies KT and SKT respectively unveiled the voice recognition device “GiGA Genie 2” and “NUGU.” Each of the devices, “GiGA Genie 2” and “NUGU,” contain artificial intelligence translation technology. ▶Information Searching The Amazon Alexa artificial intelligence development team announced a study on the artificial intelligence learning methods combining text searching and a knowledge graph. According to the researchers, Amazon Alexa can understand complex questions. For example, if a user asks, “Which movie won an Oscar but missed the Golden Globe?”, Amazon Alexa answers “Inception” correctly. A Survey of SMU Students Using Artificial Intelligence-Related Devices Artificial intelligence industries are spreading to diverse industries. If it is so, how much impact is the artificial intelligence having on our lives? Therefore, the SM Herald surveyed SMU students to find out their usage of artificial intelligence devices. The SM Herald surveyed 36 students. The survey was organized into four questions. The following are the survey results: ▲The Result of the Survey (Correspond with Following Questions) Question 1. Do you use artificial intelligence-related devices? (including current and past experiences) Question 2. What kind of artificial intelligence-related devices do you use? Question 3. What is the purpose of using artificial intelligence-related devices? Question 4. How many times a day do you use artificial intelligence-related devices? According to the survey, 31 students are using artificial intelligence devices and 5 students are not using artificial intelligence devices. It means that artificial intelligence devices are familiar in our lives. Most artificial intelligence device users (97%) are using applications or speakers and the biggest purpose of using artificial intelligence was searching for information (90%). It indicates the closest field of artificial intelligence in our life is information searching. However, according to the last question, 21 students (68%) are not using artificial intelligence frequently. This suggests that artificial intelligence is not yet having a significant impact on everyday life. Through the following survey, I was surprised by lots of students using artificial intelligence devices. Furthermore, the utilization of artificial intelligence devices has rapidly increased in just a few years. Currently, there are a growing number of artificial intelligence start-up companies. The increase of start-up companies tells us convergence with other industries is endless. Why don’t you think about how you can combine your major with artificial intelligence? *ICT: Information and Communications Technologies **Deep Learning Technology: The technology that a machine can think and learn like a human (=Auto Self-Learning). Sources: https://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=3581914&cid=42171&categoryId=58698 http://it.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2019/08/05/2019080501933.html http://www.junggi.co.kr/article/articleView.html?no=23579 https://form.office.naver.com/form/editor.cmd?initialView=summary&docId=OWFkMDFkZmMtYmVkOS00NDhjLTgxMGUtMTIzMzQ0M2ZlMWRl&baseFolder=%252F%25EB%2582%25B4%2B%25EB%25AC%25B8%25EC%2584%259C%252F http://naver.me/5551Vk6S

• 작성일 2019-09-20
• 좋아요 Like 4

제 3 호 Catching "P" of "Programming"

Kicker : SCIENCE (COMPUTER) Catching “P” of “Programming” Basic Step by Step Information of Programming Languages By Yeon-Soo Kim, Cub-Reporter alodio@naver.com We are living inside the tides of information. Our daily lives are collected through electronic devices held on our hands. Various parts of our life are rapidly mechanized, automated, and substituted. Already smartest go players are defeated by A.I, Wall Street’s largest fund management CEOs are hiring A.I advisors. Binary code, algorithms, programs. It is already ubiquitous. Rapidly IncreasingImportance of Programming Knowledges Programming language is not only for the professionals. Although it is true that it takes lots of time and effort to master a single computer language but having brief knowledge about computer programming or just learning simple coding does not require high level of effort. Simple programming skill or brief knowledge can make a huge difference. Even for those whose job or major is totally different from computers can get higher efficiency in their career since it is hard to find any area irrelevant to computer algorithm. Hundreds of Computer Languages, Hundreds of Characteristics There are various kinds of computer language, and each has different characteristics. Their difficulty, efficiency, readability varies on high range. Since it is difficult to choose an adequate computer language, let me introduce basic computer languages. Half-blood Prince between Machine and Programming Language △ Ken Thompson (Left) and Dennis Ritchie (Right) C is one of the oldest programming languages. C was developed by Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie from Bell Labs in 1972. Dennis Ritchie succeeded and advanced the computer language “B” developed by Kenneth Thompson. Even time has passed since it’s development, it is the second most popular language in the world*. The popularity of C is mainly rooted in its efficiency. Since C was developed for Operating System such as Unix, it has similar characteristics to assemble language. Assemble language is the same level with machine language, which consists of only binary code, literally 0 and 1s. As a result, by using C, programmers can easily control hardware efficiency which is hard to perform by recent OOP** languages like C++, or Python. Basic Starting Point for Professional Programming The key characteristic of C is “trusting the programmer.” C has very loose limitations about coding, which leaves most part of coding to programmers. As a result, C programming can make highly efficient algorithm since it has high dependency on the programmer. This, however, also means C is not an easy language, because it requires high level programming skill to smoothly structure algorithm. However, still lots of Korean universities choose C for the very first computer language for computer science major students. Learning C is a clever choice for those who want to knew brief concepts of OOP or computer architecture, and OS programming. Last but not least, since C is one of the highest compatibility languages, brief knowledge about C will be helpful with a wide area of computer programs. Executable Pseudocode and Super Rookie at the Same Time Python is a computer language and an interpreter developed by programmer Guido Van Rossum, believe it or not, as a hobby on Christmas in 1989. After the announcement of Python in 1991, it pasted major development through Python 2 and Python 3***. “Readability Counts.” It is one of “Zen of the Python”, collection of the quotes by Tim Peters, a major contributor to Python and CPython implement. It mainly explains what kind of language Python is. It is one of the easiest programming languages. Since it has overwhelmingly simplicity and efficiency at the same time, most of US universities are choosing Python for the basic programming language for freshmen instead of C. Life is Short, You Need Python △ 'Python", xkcd ep.353 Python has its own package storage called PyPI, consisting of 196,247 projects****. These packages reinforce lacking skills of programmers and reduces coding time by substituting required performance. Python can perform wide range of programs such as web frameworks or even machine learning*****. There are so many programming languages in the world such as Java, the most popular computer language, or C++ rooted from C. It is tricky to compare which is a better language, or which is more efficient since each language has its own main stage. Which computer language is suitable and effective depends on every individual’s characteristics. Whatever computer language you choose and learn, having some knowledge about program structure and simple coding skills will definitely help your effective performance. * 15.20% (https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/, TIOBE, September 2019) ** Object Oriented Programming, it is not a type of computer language. It is one of the main concepts of algorithm in conventional programming. *** Python 2 (2000) and Python 3 (2008) has lots of differences and has lots of incompatible parts. Python 2’s support will be suspended in January 2020. **** 196,247 (www.pypi.org, PyPI, September 2019) ***** Next-generation concept programming, its main goal is to make program programming. Sources : Python (www.python.org) Python Package Index (www.pypi.org) TIOBE index (www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index) Webcomic xkcd ep.353 "Python" (https://xkcd.com/353/) Understanding Computers, Morley Deborah, 2016 The Zen of Python, Tim Peters, 2004

• 작성일 2019-09-19
• 좋아요 Like 9

제 2 호 Is it Really True?

Kicker: SCIENCE Is it Really True? Pseudoscience Fact or Fiction by Eun-ji Lee, Editor-in-Chief & Min-gyeong Lee, Editor dmswl716@naver.com & lee.mkpeach@gmail.com Younger generations commonly seem to be relatively safer to non-scientific superstition compared to older generations who receive less benefits of generalized public education. However, pseudo-science products are found here and there, and the products get much attention indeed. Therefore we would like to point out general pseudoscience and check the facts. Can Air Purification Plants Remove the Micro Dust? Exaggerated fact △Tillandsia known as one of the air purification plants Particles of the micro dust usually include metal, nitrate, sulphate, tire rubber, exhaust gas and so on. The foreignsubstances cause the respiratoryillnesses after they stick to the lungs through the bronchialtubes. They also can generate a stroke which is a cardiact disorder by being absorbed into a blood vessel. Recently, it is revealed that they can damage the body organs which are not related torespiratoryorgans such as the brain, central nervous system, liver, and even the generative organs. In this situation, I am sure that you would be happy to find out the air purification plants that remove the micro dust. The plants showed their abilities to purify the air in some experiments. They reduced the level of micro dust almost 70% by adsorbing the dust on their leaves. However, the test was carried out in a box one meter in width, length, and height that is far away from our life environment. △The test carried out in a limited size box In the test, the plants occupy half of the space. It means that if you want to obtain the before-mentioned effects of the plants, you would have to fill half of your life environment with the plants like the Amazon. Therefore, using an air cleaner would be effective to improve the air quality. Do Anti-Electromagnetic Wave Stickers work? Exaggerated fact △Various anti-electromagnetic wave stickers So far, the electromagnetic waves generated in daily life have been judged as harmless to humans because their intensity are not that strong. However, there is no clear evidence about if long exposure of the electromagnetic waves will have negative effects on the human body. Thus, it is necessary to prepare the proactive measures according to the precaution principle. Modern people who always have smart phones are exposed to the electromagnetic waves. Some people put the anti-electromagnetic wave stickers on their phone to block them out. Nevertheless, it is hard for communication devices to completely block the waves because they use radio waves. According to the National Radio Research Agency, the stickers on a smart phone showed the effect of blocking the electromagnetic waves but they lowered the antenna performance, call quality and even blocked the transmission and reception. In order to effectively block the electromagnetic waves, you should reduce the hours of your smart phone use or use earphones when you talk on the phone for a long time. Does Detox Juice Release Toxins? Fiction △ Detox juice Body wastes are by-products that are thrown out of a human body such as nitrogen oxide, ammonia, dead cells and so on. Most of the materials absorbed into the human body pass through the liver and they are handled as suitable forms for the body. The liver also decomposes the body wastes and they are excreted from the urine after the kidneys filter them. A so-called “detox juice” is known for releasing the body wastes in the form of feces. However, all the metabolites are discharged through the urine or sweat. When the wastes cumulate in the body because the functions of the liver and kidneys weaken, it is more suitable to artificially remove them by a hemodialysismachine* more than drinking the detox juice. The detox juice has lots of vitamins and fiber, so it is good for health. However, it can not detoxify the body. Some detox juices include the ingredients having the efficacy of medical herbs, roots, and tree sap. You should not drink them without proper consultation because these ingredients put a lot of strain on the liver and kidneys. The electromagnetic waves from the microwave are dangerous? Exaggerated The so-called "Microwave Spooky Rumor" is typically as follows: “When food and water are heated in a microwave oven, vibration changes the molecular arrangement, which is harmful to health, and carcinogenic substances are produced.” “Useful nutrients are destroyed, bad cholesterol is increased, and human immunity is weakened.” The scary story takes the form of typical rumors that occur every time a new technology becomes universalized. Although the comments of foreign experts are often cited, there is no such paper, and there are hardly any real experts. Furthermore, more horrible and aggravated rumors spread: “The electromagnetic waves from the microwave can negatively affect the secretion of male and female hormones and cause emotional anxiety and reduce intellectual ability.” “If you give the plants microwaved water, they will die.” The fact that an ectromagnetic wave usually called a microwave used in a microwave oven vibrates 2 billion times a second, and it vibrates and heats food molecules in that way would be commonly mentioned, is interesting. What is important is, "Is heating through electromagnetic waves such as microwaves really a unique phenomenon and is it dangerous?" The scientific explanation of each superstition is as follows. First of all, we should know the concept of electromagnetic waves. As the word looks difficult, it stimulates people's endless imagination but the light that we can often recognize in the eye, visible light and far-infrared rays well-regarded as being good for health also exist in the spectrum of electromagnetic waves. However, far infrared rays have a frequency of about one thousand to ten thousand times that of microwaves, and visible light has a frequency of about 100,000 times. △Electromagnetic spectrum The microwaves in the wavelength range used in microwave ovens are utilized because they resonate well with water molecules. Regardless of heating in a microwave oven or heating with fire, the molecules of heated food vibrate anyway. Rather, the method of heating with the use of fire changes foods more severely, raising the temperature to over 100 ° C. In the process of cooking with a fire or oven, it is said that it is far more dangerous in relation to carcinogens, due to smoke, etc. In addition, by using the microwave oven, the cooked food does not receive enough energy that is so powerful that it can emit dangerous energy such as radioactivity. Finally, when hot water is poured into the plant, regardless of whether it is heated using a microwave oven, or heated with fire, it should be the same that the plant would die because the roots must be cooked and become unable to function. It can be viewed as a level of false rumor similar to the play of words like "Chocolate is dangerous because people who ate chocolate at Valentine's Day must die (someday)." Is the bread made with natural yeast healthier? False information △ Advertising bread made with natural yeast First of all, it is wrong from the premise. If there is “natural yeast”, does “artificial yeast” exist? Yeast is a kind of single-celled fungi or a commercial leavening agent containing yeast cells, which is used to raise the dough in making bread and for fermenting beer or whiskey. In other words, because it is a cell that is a kind of life, if artificial yeast exists, that means humans have already reached the level where they can put DNA and organelles together and make small living things completely. This would be by far a bigger issue than news that bread made with natural yeast is better. If so, how do people who sell "Bread made with natural yeast" explain their products? They say, "Artificial yeast was made for factory-scale mass production. It is called artificial yeast because it is artificially cultured by selecting species among the large number of naturally occurring yeasts, which are suitable for the specific people’s interest. On the other hand, natural yeasts become beneficial and stronger in the process of countless fungi living competing and co-existing with one another in nature.” Also, in the process of making natural yeast, they use an early form of bread fermentation technology using fruits such as grapes as in ancient times. Bread made in this way is sour because lactic acid fermentation takes place at the same time. They insist that the sour taste is the original taste of nature but in fact, in the past history, bakeries and consumers have made several devises to neutralize their sour taste. In the 19th century, the development of microbiology revealed the presence of yeast, and people began to find and improve yeast suitable for making bread. People selling bread made with “natural” yeast also argue the benefits of lactic acid bacteria, however, the lactic acid bacteria that were in lactic acid fermentation all die when bread is made at a temperature of 200 ° C. If those bakeries have not used wild wheat for bread, they have no choice but to use wheat that has been modified to produce more quantities in line with the trend of history. After all, the bread is an artificial one. To conclude, making a judgment based on the dichotomy of artificial and natural and ignoring the efforts of humanity in the past are not valid and right. Are processed foods more harmful than natural foods? No Again, it is the confrontation; “New civilization VS Classical way”, “Artificial VS Natural.” Fearing and doubting new things can also be human instincts left to DNA. However, it can be a problem for the media to easily spread exaggerated information using the psychology of these people. When searching for “processed food”, which is one of the representative examples, there are overwhelmingly many statements that are concerned with its danger rather than defending statements. So are some letters uploaded to the elementary school bulletin boards on their websites. "Cancer onset risk" and "Risk of food additives" can be rediscovered, which often appears in rumors like this. In terms of each individual component, this is quite exaggerated. When comparing processed foods and natural foods, this can be false information. In fact, all food products have good and bad points at the same time and processed food is rather more strictly controlled, as it has a lot of public concern. Of course, many people are raising questions about the quality of government management and it is also true that these people’s doubts are not very irrational. However, the problems of food safety and risk are not limited to “natural and artificial” confrontation. Therefore, it is necessary to have an attitude to comprehensively judge by checking the hygiene level and each component. There is no safe food if you focus only on certain ingredients. For example, a strong legal system for social fear of chemicals that are at risk of developing cancer in the United States was proposed in 1960, but was eventually discarded. This is because carcinogens and harmful substances were detected not only in processed foods but also in almost all natural foods. These arguments actually began with the problem that processed meat produced in the United States in the 30's and 40's had an excessively poor hygiene management. Yet, various kinds of news announce the problem of processed food only such as bad irritation, excessive sodium, etc. People are often not interested in the similar issues of natural food, but rather are promoting them as health food. For instance, Capsaicin in chili pepper, octagon and other spices and other irritating ingredients can adversely affect the stomach and esophagus. Foods, such as salted fish and pickles, can also contain excessive sodium and have an adverse affect on the liver and kidneys. However, people concentrate only on the good points in the case of Korean kimchi and have a vague sense of insecurity as to Western sausages. Having a moderate amount is more significant. *Hemodialysis machine: A machine used in dialysis that filters a patient’s blood to remove excess water and waste products when the kidneys are damaged, dysfunctional, or missing. Sources: https://www.bbc.com/korean/amp/news-43524873 https://youtu.be/UI18bGv8nt4 https://rra.go.kr/emf/wrongfact/misunderstanding/index03.jsp https://youtu.be/EMfBlU46wnM https://www.huffingtonpost.kr/2015/09/17/story_n_8156370.html https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=11173 http://m.webtoon.daum.net/webtoon/viewer/45853 http://www.consumernews.co.kr/?mod=news&act=articleView&idxno=529178 http://health.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2011/08/01/2011080101133.html?Dep0=twitter https://www.rra.go.kr/emf/wrongfact/knowing/ https://www.rra.go.kr/emf/wrongfact/rumor/index02.jsp https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0%ED%8C%8C http://slownews.kr/57222 https://www.flaticon.com/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

• 작성일 2019-06-12
• 좋아요 Like 3

제 1 호 How to be the Ideal Creative Human in Convergence Environments

How to be the Ideal Creative Human in Convergence Environments: Start with Slow-Motion Multitasking by Eun-ji Lee, Editor-in-Chief and Sarah Chae, Editor dmswl716@naver.com , sarah3fran@gmail.com We want to know how to be creative. How to be innovators. Don’t you want to know how to make ourselves those ideal “Convergence” human resource workplaces that we have been looking for? Albert Einstein produced various and famous studies about the photo electric effect, E=mc2, general relativity, and more. Darwin has left studies about earthworms, the”Origin of Species”, the “Descent of Man”, and more, again. For a long time, scientsts have been working on how some scientists like the two above (highly creative people) are able to go on producing important work right through their lives. Researchers took a look at their personalities and working habits. Just how did they find their productivity and inspiration for their great works?Let’s take a look at what innovators have in common, and how we can do the same. Innovators: Twyla Thorp(left), Albert Einstein(middle), Charles Darwin(right) What is Slow-Motion Multitasking? Multitasking is doing multiple things simultaneously. Unlikesimple multitasking,slow-motion multitasking is to give oneself a mental rest and ideas by switching tasks. For example, Einstein and Darwin did what they wanted to do throughslow-motion multitasking. How did they realize their goals? Tim Harford, an author, gave a speech about the meaning and some examples of slow-motion multitasking in a TED lecture. *Postpone Your Task to Win When you attempt some interesting projects simultaneously, it is good for you to put off the others while you are working on one thing. Switching is as helpful as a rest because to change what you’re doing will bring a new idea to your mind. Einstein and Darwin used this method successfully. Albert Einstein, “Take it easy.” Einstein was putting together the pieces of his theory of general relativity, his greatest achievement. He was really exhausted so he turned to an easier problem. He noticed the stimulated emission of radiation. He was finding out the theoretical foundation for the laser beam by injecting the stimulated emission to the stimulated absorption and spontaneous emission. While he was doing that, he also moved back to general relativity and he was refreshed. In this process, he realized the concept that the universe is expanding. Einstein could complete the theory of general relativity based on the concept. Charles Robert Darwin, a Man who Changed His Study Topics 43 Times Darwin was a master of slow-motion multitasking. He started writing Transmutation of Species 2 decades before The Origin of Species was published. A Biolographical Sketch of an Infant was the subject planned at the same time as the birth of William, Darwin’s son. However, he presented it when his son became 37 years old. Darwin had studied the creepers and insect-eating plants for about 20 years. And also, he published a learned book about earthworms in 1881. He had studied about it for 44 years. *Experience Various Kinds of Knowledge A great idea is born sometimes through unexpected connections in different fields. The next two cases show creativity from the link between various tasks. The Relationship Between Creativity and Rapid Task Switching The psychologist Shelley Carson and her student Justin Moore recently conducted an experiment checking the effect of rapid task switching. They made people crack the anagrams* and read an article. The people were divided into two groups. One of the two groups received the tasks in order – first solve the anagrams, then read an article. The other group had to move between the two tasks every 150 seconds. Of course, the second group solved fewer of the anagrams than the first group. And also, they got lower grades on the test of reading comprehension because they had to adapt to a new task every short term. However, they got high grades on the test of divergent thinking. In this test, there were some questions that ask subjects to recite various answers to odd problems. For example, the participants had to think of as many uses as possible for the rolling pin or imagine a world where everyone has three arms. The participants who belonged to the second group wrote a greater volume of answers. And also, their answers were more creative than the answers of the first group. The Medical Students who Enrolled the Art Class A few years ago, researchers took 18 randomly chosen medical students and they enrolled them in a course at the Philadelphia Museum of Art. They learned to criticize and analyze works of visual art. At the end of the course, these students were compared with a control group of their fellow medical students. The ones who had taken the art course had become substantially better at performing tasks than the other group. “The ones who had taken the art course had become substantially better at performing tasks.” How to Start Slow Motion Multitasking for Ourselves We took a look at what slow motion multitasking is, and 2 important ways to do it(recommended by Tim Harford). We also looked at how Einstein, Darwin, and some medical students do slow motion multi-tasking. Now we know that innovators are slow motion multitaskers, so let’s try it for ourselves. Here are some ways to try it out at school, and why you should do so. Use the School Facilities /Systems or Your Surroundings Just like the medical students who took an Art course, you can take other courses and broaden your point of view and strengthen your capacities. If you do not have the time to take other courses, choose a liberal arts class that matches your interests. SMU has made a well-balanced liberal arts class system and coding education classes that can help you do that. Do you want to dig a bit deeper than taking classes? Then take another course other than your major, because the SMU system allows us to have a multiple, linked, or double major. Or do you want to hang out with people who have various majors and dig deeper at the same time? Then make or join a club. Maybe in these other courses or clubs, you can make a new hobby or find new interesting subjects to make a project or research about. Maybe you want to take a break or postpone your work for a bit. Then you can take a look at exhibitions held at the SMU Museum(Seoul campus), or other exhibitions near the school. If you are a student in the Cheonan campus, take a look at exhibitons or plays held by Art/Design/Acting related major students. It will be worth your time. How to Stop These Multiple Projects from Becoming Overwhelming – Taking Control Having many tasks and topics to control can become overwhelming. When that happens, it could be difficult for you to switch them around, making you confused. Below are some ways we can organize these projects and take control of ourselves. -1 Make a List of Your Projects: The famous choreographer, Twyla Thorp, makes a box for each of her projects (different dance genres) and puts all the things, CDS, idea notebooks, and related into each box. You can make a box too, like Thorp. However, we can’t always have those boxes right next to us. For those people, here is another way to ‘make a box.’ Make a report for each of your projects. If you have enough time, make a report in a proper document form. If you don’t, use a memo application (Naver Memo, Evernote, S-Note etc). Make a file for each project and gather all the ideas and checklists. Checklists are especially good; because you can keep an eye on how much you have got done for each project through steady habits of taking notes. -2 Put Down Your Phone and Take Control: Turn off all the SNS messages and e-mail alarms that are not urgent. Are you are having a really hard time with putting down your phone? Then try to put your lists of projects into your phone, using the way above. If it is possible, you can try to do your projects with your phones. However, this is just a way to do projects if you spend most of your time on the road, or in environments where you can’t use other data or materials other than your phone. It is not the best way to do any project in the long-run, so I will recommend you to take control of your phone. Why Slow Motion Multitasking is Good for You We know that creative people have this point in common, but how can it help us and why is it powerful? Why does it solve problems? -1 Learning to Do One Thing Well Often Helps You to Do Something Else: If you want to be better at what you do, spend some time doing something else even if the field seems distinct. This kind of cross-training even helped the medical students above with doing their thing well. Those medical students who took art classes were better at analyzing photos. -2 It Provides Assistance When Stuck: Being stuck on one thing is an opportunity to do something else challenging. Writers with writer’s block and scientists who are stuck take a break. Writers write another book, and scientists change their research topic. Darwin didn’t just make The Origin of Species out of nowhere. As we know from above, he studied his son, earthworms, economics, and many other topics, and this various topic-changing/multi-tasking led him to do successful research. If you are stuck too, take a break or change the topic, just like him. -3 It is a Powerful Way to Organize Our Lives. Now, Just Do It. Get to Work: No project can be done without a start. It is the same for slow motion multitasking. You can’t be doing nothing if you want to multitask. No excuses are needed, just start a project. Do it, yes, let’s get to work. *Anagram:A word or phrase made by using the letters of another word or phrase in a different order. For example, LISTEN is the anagram of SILENT. Sources: http://newspeppermint.com/2015/09/24/m-multi3/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yjYrxcGSWX4&feature=youtu.be https://www.ft.com/content/bbf1f84a-51c2-11e5-8642-453585f2cfcd https://boingboing.net/2019/01/25/do-it-all.html http://physica.gsnu.ac.kr/physedu/laserholo/laserpri/laserprin.html Image by Jackie Ramirez from Pixabay Image by WikiImages from Pixabay https://www.apbspeakers.com/speaker/twyla-tharp/ Image by TeroVesalainen from Pixabay Image by Gerd Altmann from Pixabay Image by flaticon

• 작성일 2019-03-26
• 좋아요 Like 0