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제 4 호 You Can Be Iron Man, Too!

Kicker: SCIENCE (WEARABLE ROBOT) You Can Be Iron Man, Too! the Wearable Robots that Help Our Life by Ju-eun Yeon/Editor, Dong-wook Kim/Reporter yeonje1113, kdw27501@naver.com Do you know about wearable robots? Have you heard about them? Wearable robots are one of the most popular technologies like deep learning and automobile cars. However, the SMU students seem unfamiliar with wearable robots. Therefore, the SM Herald has launched an article about them. What are wearable robots? How far did their progress go? Let’s learn about these. What is a wearable robot? A wearable robot is a machine which is a device that interacts with signals from remote controls. It allows operators (mainly human) to control a humanoid robot known as androids. Are you familiar with Iron Man’s suit? His suit is designed and built for his personal body shape and personal type. Just like Iron Man’s suit, wearable robots are also designed after the function and shape of the human body. The size, features and the number of control units vary according to the user’s taste. For instance, if the user is mainly depending on his/her hands, then the device can have gloves as a part of the suit. If the user is working in a tough condition, they would demand to have a full body suit. In which case they can consider making a big suit like a medieval suit. Furthermore, the robot senses sights, sound and tactility and sends them to the wearer. As a result, this is the reason why the robots come into the limelight for medical and industrial purposes. What are wearable robots for? 1. Medical purposes ▲Man with Triplegia Walking with the Wearable Robot ‘WalkON Suit’ Most people recognize wearable medical robots as healthcare technologies, like smartwatches and Fitbits. However, there are some wearable robots helping human doctors for assisting disabled people to walk more freely. These are usually used with Velcro type’s buckle between the waist and both legs. These are designed so that the knee joints are free from stress and can lead everyday life well. Therefore, the wearable robots can act as a walker for people who are disabled or aged. 2. Industrial purposes ▲ the Wearable Robots Using Industrial Purposes in Hyundai Rotem Wearable robots also can be used as an aid to carry heavy loads, supports the waist, or act as a walker for someone who works in the industrial field. Then, let’s see in detail. First, the wearable robot that can carry heavy loads (lift – assisted wearing robot). It is a wearable robot that assists the forearm by bypassing the workload on the shoulder and arm with the pelvis when lifting and moving a heavy object. It is simple to wear and allows natural arm movements in the wearing state. It is usually designed to be worn on the shoulders and waist. Furthermore, the woven fabric and flexible materials used in robots has high wearing comfort. Second, the wearable robot that supports the waist. When lifting or maintaining a bent posture, the robot bypasses the weight on the waist to the pelvis and helps reduce back fatigue. It is also expected to prevent primal injury and muscle damage. Therefore, it is expected to be useful in industrial sites where heavy loads are repeatedly lifted. Are the improvements of the wearable technology unlimited? ▲LG Electronics’ Wearable Robot 'CLOi' According to a book on technology, there are already 79 companies around the world which are working to develop wearable robotics. Recently, LG Electronics’ robot department, SG robotics, has announced that they are speeding up to develop a broader concept of wearable robots. Their latest produced device is called ‘LG CLOi SuitBot,’ which is a leg assistant like Honda’s invention. However, while Honda’s Walking Assist system just supports the user’s legs, LG’s legs are just another level. They improved the uncomfortable factors when it comes to wearing these robot legs. They also added a feature to these cyborg legs, which the legs can adapt to the wearer. The legs are programmed to learn the nearby environment of the wearer, analyze the danger and alert that to the user. The machine is a representative example of AI. Including CLOi, LG Electronics has developed 8 AI machines. Their growth is expected to pull up the wearable robot technologies. The wearable robots started from just a metal machine, now a thinking machine and in the future, they are expected to approximate human intelligence. The probability of a space trip is near zero but with the help of the development of companies, soon we might see a second Neil Armstrong wearing a robot suit on the moon. Wearable robots are part of a field where high growth is expected. However, SMU students were not familiar with wearable robots compared to AI and automotive cars, so we wanted to write an article about wearable robots. We hope that SMU students will build up their knowledge of next – generation technologies. There is not much time left for Iron Man who has only been seen in the movies to appear in real life. Sources: https://www.robotliving.com/robot-news/hondas-robot-legs/ https://www.ossur.kr/prosthetic-solutions/products/upper-limb/i-limb-access https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-08777-2 https://social.lge.co.kr/newsroom/lg_cloi_0823/ https://www.seoul.co.kr/news/newsView.php?id=20190110020018 http://health.chosun.com/news/dailynews_view.jsp?mn_idx=297617 https://www.hankyung.com/economy/article/2018122782931 https://ettrends.etri.re.kr/ettrends/166/0905002215/ http://www.irobotnews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=18436

• 작성일 2019-12-06
• 좋아요 Like 5

제 3 호 The Development of Artificial Intelligence

Kicker: SCIENCE (AI) The Development of Artificial Intelligence The Direction of Development and the Influence on Our Life by Hye-im Li, Reporter kateli1004@naver.com Artificial Intelligence (AI) is intelligence demonstrated by machines, in contrast to the natural intelligence displayed by humans. One of the famous AI electronics is the ‘AI Speaker’. You might already have bought ‘AI Speaker’, too. According to Ministry of Science and ICT*, the sales volume of AI Speaker was 4.12 million. More than two times of AI Speakers were sold than last year. Facing with the fourth industrial revolution, the AI industry is developing from day to day. The Development of Artificial Intelligence ▲The match of AlphaGo and the Baduk Player, Lee Se-dol The match of AlphaGo and the Baduk player, Lee Se-dol in 2016 attracted national attention. The fact that a human was defeated by a machine had a huge impact. At the same time, we were surprised by the development of artificial intelligence. Deep learning technology** is a key technology which has led artificial intelligence to become the major element of the fourth industrial revolution. Keeping pace with the advancement of artificial intelligence, a lot of global companies are rushing into the artificial intelligence industry. The global companies including Google, IBM, Microsoft Corporation, Apple, Facebook, Alibaba, and Samsung are interested in the artificial intelligence industry due to the tremendous possibility of convergence and integration with other industries. The Present Condition of the Artificial Intelligence Industry Let’s take a look at particular industries in which artificial intelligence can be applied. It is the latest information of artificial intelligence industry. See if there is a field that you are interested in. ▶Health Technology LG CNS & Lunit Inc. is planning to carry forward a business: X-ray video analysis project. The combination of the cloud technology of LG CNS and the artificial intelligence of Lunit Inc. allows analysis of a medical X-ray image within 20 seconds. Also the accuracy is up to 94 percent. ▶Translation ▲GiGA Genie 2 and NUGU The mobile-service companies KT and SKT respectively unveiled the voice recognition device “GiGA Genie 2” and “NUGU.” Each of the devices, “GiGA Genie 2” and “NUGU,” contain artificial intelligence translation technology. ▶Information Searching The Amazon Alexa artificial intelligence development team announced a study on the artificial intelligence learning methods combining text searching and a knowledge graph. According to the researchers, Amazon Alexa can understand complex questions. For example, if a user asks, “Which movie won an Oscar but missed the Golden Globe?”, Amazon Alexa answers “Inception” correctly. A Survey of SMU Students Using Artificial Intelligence-Related Devices Artificial intelligence industries are spreading to diverse industries. If it is so, how much impact is the artificial intelligence having on our lives? Therefore, the SM Herald surveyed SMU students to find out their usage of artificial intelligence devices. The SM Herald surveyed 36 students. The survey was organized into four questions. The following are the survey results: ▲The Result of the Survey (Correspond with Following Questions) Question 1. Do you use artificial intelligence-related devices? (including current and past experiences) Question 2. What kind of artificial intelligence-related devices do you use? Question 3. What is the purpose of using artificial intelligence-related devices? Question 4. How many times a day do you use artificial intelligence-related devices? According to the survey, 31 students are using artificial intelligence devices and 5 students are not using artificial intelligence devices. It means that artificial intelligence devices are familiar in our lives. Most artificial intelligence device users (97%) are using applications or speakers and the biggest purpose of using artificial intelligence was searching for information (90%). It indicates the closest field of artificial intelligence in our life is information searching. However, according to the last question, 21 students (68%) are not using artificial intelligence frequently. This suggests that artificial intelligence is not yet having a significant impact on everyday life. Through the following survey, I was surprised by lots of students using artificial intelligence devices. Furthermore, the utilization of artificial intelligence devices has rapidly increased in just a few years. Currently, there are a growing number of artificial intelligence start-up companies. The increase of start-up companies tells us convergence with other industries is endless. Why don’t you think about how you can combine your major with artificial intelligence? *ICT: Information and Communications Technologies **Deep Learning Technology: The technology that a machine can think and learn like a human (=Auto Self-Learning). Sources: https://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=3581914&cid=42171&categoryId=58698 http://it.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2019/08/05/2019080501933.html http://www.junggi.co.kr/article/articleView.html?no=23579 https://form.office.naver.com/form/editor.cmd?initialView=summary&docId=OWFkMDFkZmMtYmVkOS00NDhjLTgxMGUtMTIzMzQ0M2ZlMWRl&baseFolder=%252F%25EB%2582%25B4%2B%25EB%25AC%25B8%25EC%2584%259C%252F http://naver.me/5551Vk6S

• 작성일 2019-09-20
• 좋아요 Like 4

제 3 호 Catching "P" of "Programming"

Kicker : SCIENCE (COMPUTER) Catching “P” of “Programming” Basic Step by Step Information of Programming Languages By Yeon-Soo Kim, Cub-Reporter alodio@naver.com We are living inside the tides of information. Our daily lives are collected through electronic devices held on our hands. Various parts of our life are rapidly mechanized, automated, and substituted. Already smartest go players are defeated by A.I, Wall Street’s largest fund management CEOs are hiring A.I advisors. Binary code, algorithms, programs. It is already ubiquitous. Rapidly IncreasingImportance of Programming Knowledges Programming language is not only for the professionals. Although it is true that it takes lots of time and effort to master a single computer language but having brief knowledge about computer programming or just learning simple coding does not require high level of effort. Simple programming skill or brief knowledge can make a huge difference. Even for those whose job or major is totally different from computers can get higher efficiency in their career since it is hard to find any area irrelevant to computer algorithm. Hundreds of Computer Languages, Hundreds of Characteristics There are various kinds of computer language, and each has different characteristics. Their difficulty, efficiency, readability varies on high range. Since it is difficult to choose an adequate computer language, let me introduce basic computer languages. Half-blood Prince between Machine and Programming Language △ Ken Thompson (Left) and Dennis Ritchie (Right) C is one of the oldest programming languages. C was developed by Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie from Bell Labs in 1972. Dennis Ritchie succeeded and advanced the computer language “B” developed by Kenneth Thompson. Even time has passed since it’s development, it is the second most popular language in the world*. The popularity of C is mainly rooted in its efficiency. Since C was developed for Operating System such as Unix, it has similar characteristics to assemble language. Assemble language is the same level with machine language, which consists of only binary code, literally 0 and 1s. As a result, by using C, programmers can easily control hardware efficiency which is hard to perform by recent OOP** languages like C++, or Python. Basic Starting Point for Professional Programming The key characteristic of C is “trusting the programmer.” C has very loose limitations about coding, which leaves most part of coding to programmers. As a result, C programming can make highly efficient algorithm since it has high dependency on the programmer. This, however, also means C is not an easy language, because it requires high level programming skill to smoothly structure algorithm. However, still lots of Korean universities choose C for the very first computer language for computer science major students. Learning C is a clever choice for those who want to knew brief concepts of OOP or computer architecture, and OS programming. Last but not least, since C is one of the highest compatibility languages, brief knowledge about C will be helpful with a wide area of computer programs. Executable Pseudocode and Super Rookie at the Same Time Python is a computer language and an interpreter developed by programmer Guido Van Rossum, believe it or not, as a hobby on Christmas in 1989. After the announcement of Python in 1991, it pasted major development through Python 2 and Python 3***. “Readability Counts.” It is one of “Zen of the Python”, collection of the quotes by Tim Peters, a major contributor to Python and CPython implement. It mainly explains what kind of language Python is. It is one of the easiest programming languages. Since it has overwhelmingly simplicity and efficiency at the same time, most of US universities are choosing Python for the basic programming language for freshmen instead of C. Life is Short, You Need Python △ 'Python", xkcd ep.353 Python has its own package storage called PyPI, consisting of 196,247 projects****. These packages reinforce lacking skills of programmers and reduces coding time by substituting required performance. Python can perform wide range of programs such as web frameworks or even machine learning*****. There are so many programming languages in the world such as Java, the most popular computer language, or C++ rooted from C. It is tricky to compare which is a better language, or which is more efficient since each language has its own main stage. Which computer language is suitable and effective depends on every individual’s characteristics. Whatever computer language you choose and learn, having some knowledge about program structure and simple coding skills will definitely help your effective performance. * 15.20% (https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/, TIOBE, September 2019) ** Object Oriented Programming, it is not a type of computer language. It is one of the main concepts of algorithm in conventional programming. *** Python 2 (2000) and Python 3 (2008) has lots of differences and has lots of incompatible parts. Python 2’s support will be suspended in January 2020. **** 196,247 (www.pypi.org, PyPI, September 2019) ***** Next-generation concept programming, its main goal is to make program programming. Sources : Python (www.python.org) Python Package Index (www.pypi.org) TIOBE index (www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index) Webcomic xkcd ep.353 "Python" (https://xkcd.com/353/) Understanding Computers, Morley Deborah, 2016 The Zen of Python, Tim Peters, 2004

• 작성일 2019-09-19
• 좋아요 Like 9

제 2 호 Is it Really True?

Kicker: SCIENCE Is it Really True? Pseudoscience Fact or Fiction by Eun-ji Lee, Editor-in-Chief & Min-gyeong Lee, Editor dmswl716@naver.com & lee.mkpeach@gmail.com Younger generations commonly seem to be relatively safer to non-scientific superstition compared to older generations who receive less benefits of generalized public education. However, pseudo-science products are found here and there, and the products get much attention indeed. Therefore we would like to point out general pseudoscience and check the facts. Can Air Purification Plants Remove the Micro Dust? Exaggerated fact △Tillandsia known as one of the air purification plants Particles of the micro dust usually include metal, nitrate, sulphate, tire rubber, exhaust gas and so on. The foreignsubstances cause the respiratoryillnesses after they stick to the lungs through the bronchialtubes. They also can generate a stroke which is a cardiact disorder by being absorbed into a blood vessel. Recently, it is revealed that they can damage the body organs which are not related torespiratoryorgans such as the brain, central nervous system, liver, and even the generative organs. In this situation, I am sure that you would be happy to find out the air purification plants that remove the micro dust. The plants showed their abilities to purify the air in some experiments. They reduced the level of micro dust almost 70% by adsorbing the dust on their leaves. However, the test was carried out in a box one meter in width, length, and height that is far away from our life environment. △The test carried out in a limited size box In the test, the plants occupy half of the space. It means that if you want to obtain the before-mentioned effects of the plants, you would have to fill half of your life environment with the plants like the Amazon. Therefore, using an air cleaner would be effective to improve the air quality. Do Anti-Electromagnetic Wave Stickers work? Exaggerated fact △Various anti-electromagnetic wave stickers So far, the electromagnetic waves generated in daily life have been judged as harmless to humans because their intensity are not that strong. However, there is no clear evidence about if long exposure of the electromagnetic waves will have negative effects on the human body. Thus, it is necessary to prepare the proactive measures according to the precaution principle. Modern people who always have smart phones are exposed to the electromagnetic waves. Some people put the anti-electromagnetic wave stickers on their phone to block them out. Nevertheless, it is hard for communication devices to completely block the waves because they use radio waves. According to the National Radio Research Agency, the stickers on a smart phone showed the effect of blocking the electromagnetic waves but they lowered the antenna performance, call quality and even blocked the transmission and reception. In order to effectively block the electromagnetic waves, you should reduce the hours of your smart phone use or use earphones when you talk on the phone for a long time. Does Detox Juice Release Toxins? Fiction △ Detox juice Body wastes are by-products that are thrown out of a human body such as nitrogen oxide, ammonia, dead cells and so on. Most of the materials absorbed into the human body pass through the liver and they are handled as suitable forms for the body. The liver also decomposes the body wastes and they are excreted from the urine after the kidneys filter them. A so-called “detox juice” is known for releasing the body wastes in the form of feces. However, all the metabolites are discharged through the urine or sweat. When the wastes cumulate in the body because the functions of the liver and kidneys weaken, it is more suitable to artificially remove them by a hemodialysismachine* more than drinking the detox juice. The detox juice has lots of vitamins and fiber, so it is good for health. However, it can not detoxify the body. Some detox juices include the ingredients having the efficacy of medical herbs, roots, and tree sap. You should not drink them without proper consultation because these ingredients put a lot of strain on the liver and kidneys. The electromagnetic waves from the microwave are dangerous? Exaggerated The so-called "Microwave Spooky Rumor" is typically as follows: “When food and water are heated in a microwave oven, vibration changes the molecular arrangement, which is harmful to health, and carcinogenic substances are produced.” “Useful nutrients are destroyed, bad cholesterol is increased, and human immunity is weakened.” The scary story takes the form of typical rumors that occur every time a new technology becomes universalized. Although the comments of foreign experts are often cited, there is no such paper, and there are hardly any real experts. Furthermore, more horrible and aggravated rumors spread: “The electromagnetic waves from the microwave can negatively affect the secretion of male and female hormones and cause emotional anxiety and reduce intellectual ability.” “If you give the plants microwaved water, they will die.” The fact that an ectromagnetic wave usually called a microwave used in a microwave oven vibrates 2 billion times a second, and it vibrates and heats food molecules in that way would be commonly mentioned, is interesting. What is important is, "Is heating through electromagnetic waves such as microwaves really a unique phenomenon and is it dangerous?" The scientific explanation of each superstition is as follows. First of all, we should know the concept of electromagnetic waves. As the word looks difficult, it stimulates people's endless imagination but the light that we can often recognize in the eye, visible light and far-infrared rays well-regarded as being good for health also exist in the spectrum of electromagnetic waves. However, far infrared rays have a frequency of about one thousand to ten thousand times that of microwaves, and visible light has a frequency of about 100,000 times. △Electromagnetic spectrum The microwaves in the wavelength range used in microwave ovens are utilized because they resonate well with water molecules. Regardless of heating in a microwave oven or heating with fire, the molecules of heated food vibrate anyway. Rather, the method of heating with the use of fire changes foods more severely, raising the temperature to over 100 ° C. In the process of cooking with a fire or oven, it is said that it is far more dangerous in relation to carcinogens, due to smoke, etc. In addition, by using the microwave oven, the cooked food does not receive enough energy that is so powerful that it can emit dangerous energy such as radioactivity. Finally, when hot water is poured into the plant, regardless of whether it is heated using a microwave oven, or heated with fire, it should be the same that the plant would die because the roots must be cooked and become unable to function. It can be viewed as a level of false rumor similar to the play of words like "Chocolate is dangerous because people who ate chocolate at Valentine's Day must die (someday)." Is the bread made with natural yeast healthier? False information △ Advertising bread made with natural yeast First of all, it is wrong from the premise. If there is “natural yeast”, does “artificial yeast” exist? Yeast is a kind of single-celled fungi or a commercial leavening agent containing yeast cells, which is used to raise the dough in making bread and for fermenting beer or whiskey. In other words, because it is a cell that is a kind of life, if artificial yeast exists, that means humans have already reached the level where they can put DNA and organelles together and make small living things completely. This would be by far a bigger issue than news that bread made with natural yeast is better. If so, how do people who sell "Bread made with natural yeast" explain their products? They say, "Artificial yeast was made for factory-scale mass production. It is called artificial yeast because it is artificially cultured by selecting species among the large number of naturally occurring yeasts, which are suitable for the specific people’s interest. On the other hand, natural yeasts become beneficial and stronger in the process of countless fungi living competing and co-existing with one another in nature.” Also, in the process of making natural yeast, they use an early form of bread fermentation technology using fruits such as grapes as in ancient times. Bread made in this way is sour because lactic acid fermentation takes place at the same time. They insist that the sour taste is the original taste of nature but in fact, in the past history, bakeries and consumers have made several devises to neutralize their sour taste. In the 19th century, the development of microbiology revealed the presence of yeast, and people began to find and improve yeast suitable for making bread. People selling bread made with “natural” yeast also argue the benefits of lactic acid bacteria, however, the lactic acid bacteria that were in lactic acid fermentation all die when bread is made at a temperature of 200 ° C. If those bakeries have not used wild wheat for bread, they have no choice but to use wheat that has been modified to produce more quantities in line with the trend of history. After all, the bread is an artificial one. To conclude, making a judgment based on the dichotomy of artificial and natural and ignoring the efforts of humanity in the past are not valid and right. Are processed foods more harmful than natural foods? No Again, it is the confrontation; “New civilization VS Classical way”, “Artificial VS Natural.” Fearing and doubting new things can also be human instincts left to DNA. However, it can be a problem for the media to easily spread exaggerated information using the psychology of these people. When searching for “processed food”, which is one of the representative examples, there are overwhelmingly many statements that are concerned with its danger rather than defending statements. So are some letters uploaded to the elementary school bulletin boards on their websites. "Cancer onset risk" and "Risk of food additives" can be rediscovered, which often appears in rumors like this. In terms of each individual component, this is quite exaggerated. When comparing processed foods and natural foods, this can be false information. In fact, all food products have good and bad points at the same time and processed food is rather more strictly controlled, as it has a lot of public concern. Of course, many people are raising questions about the quality of government management and it is also true that these people’s doubts are not very irrational. However, the problems of food safety and risk are not limited to “natural and artificial” confrontation. Therefore, it is necessary to have an attitude to comprehensively judge by checking the hygiene level and each component. There is no safe food if you focus only on certain ingredients. For example, a strong legal system for social fear of chemicals that are at risk of developing cancer in the United States was proposed in 1960, but was eventually discarded. This is because carcinogens and harmful substances were detected not only in processed foods but also in almost all natural foods. These arguments actually began with the problem that processed meat produced in the United States in the 30's and 40's had an excessively poor hygiene management. Yet, various kinds of news announce the problem of processed food only such as bad irritation, excessive sodium, etc. People are often not interested in the similar issues of natural food, but rather are promoting them as health food. For instance, Capsaicin in chili pepper, octagon and other spices and other irritating ingredients can adversely affect the stomach and esophagus. Foods, such as salted fish and pickles, can also contain excessive sodium and have an adverse affect on the liver and kidneys. However, people concentrate only on the good points in the case of Korean kimchi and have a vague sense of insecurity as to Western sausages. Having a moderate amount is more significant. *Hemodialysis machine: A machine used in dialysis that filters a patient’s blood to remove excess water and waste products when the kidneys are damaged, dysfunctional, or missing. Sources: https://www.bbc.com/korean/amp/news-43524873 https://youtu.be/UI18bGv8nt4 https://rra.go.kr/emf/wrongfact/misunderstanding/index03.jsp https://youtu.be/EMfBlU46wnM https://www.huffingtonpost.kr/2015/09/17/story_n_8156370.html https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=11173 http://m.webtoon.daum.net/webtoon/viewer/45853 http://www.consumernews.co.kr/?mod=news&act=articleView&idxno=529178 http://health.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2011/08/01/2011080101133.html?Dep0=twitter https://www.rra.go.kr/emf/wrongfact/knowing/ https://www.rra.go.kr/emf/wrongfact/rumor/index02.jsp https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0%ED%8C%8C http://slownews.kr/57222 https://www.flaticon.com/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

• 작성일 2019-06-12
• 좋아요 Like 3

제 1 호 How to be the Ideal Creative Human in Convergence Environments

How to be the Ideal Creative Human in Convergence Environments: Start with Slow-Motion Multitasking by Eun-ji Lee, Editor-in-Chief and Sarah Chae, Editor dmswl716@naver.com , sarah3fran@gmail.com We want to know how to be creative. How to be innovators. Don’t you want to know how to make ourselves those ideal “Convergence” human resource workplaces that we have been looking for? Albert Einstein produced various and famous studies about the photo electric effect, E=mc2, general relativity, and more. Darwin has left studies about earthworms, the”Origin of Species”, the “Descent of Man”, and more, again. For a long time, scientsts have been working on how some scientists like the two above (highly creative people) are able to go on producing important work right through their lives. Researchers took a look at their personalities and working habits. Just how did they find their productivity and inspiration for their great works?Let’s take a look at what innovators have in common, and how we can do the same. Innovators: Twyla Thorp(left), Albert Einstein(middle), Charles Darwin(right) What is Slow-Motion Multitasking? Multitasking is doing multiple things simultaneously. Unlikesimple multitasking,slow-motion multitasking is to give oneself a mental rest and ideas by switching tasks. For example, Einstein and Darwin did what they wanted to do throughslow-motion multitasking. How did they realize their goals? Tim Harford, an author, gave a speech about the meaning and some examples of slow-motion multitasking in a TED lecture. *Postpone Your Task to Win When you attempt some interesting projects simultaneously, it is good for you to put off the others while you are working on one thing. Switching is as helpful as a rest because to change what you’re doing will bring a new idea to your mind. Einstein and Darwin used this method successfully. Albert Einstein, “Take it easy.” Einstein was putting together the pieces of his theory of general relativity, his greatest achievement. He was really exhausted so he turned to an easier problem. He noticed the stimulated emission of radiation. He was finding out the theoretical foundation for the laser beam by injecting the stimulated emission to the stimulated absorption and spontaneous emission. While he was doing that, he also moved back to general relativity and he was refreshed. In this process, he realized the concept that the universe is expanding. Einstein could complete the theory of general relativity based on the concept. Charles Robert Darwin, a Man who Changed His Study Topics 43 Times Darwin was a master of slow-motion multitasking. He started writing Transmutation of Species 2 decades before The Origin of Species was published. A Biolographical Sketch of an Infant was the subject planned at the same time as the birth of William, Darwin’s son. However, he presented it when his son became 37 years old. Darwin had studied the creepers and insect-eating plants for about 20 years. And also, he published a learned book about earthworms in 1881. He had studied about it for 44 years. *Experience Various Kinds of Knowledge A great idea is born sometimes through unexpected connections in different fields. The next two cases show creativity from the link between various tasks. The Relationship Between Creativity and Rapid Task Switching The psychologist Shelley Carson and her student Justin Moore recently conducted an experiment checking the effect of rapid task switching. They made people crack the anagrams* and read an article. The people were divided into two groups. One of the two groups received the tasks in order – first solve the anagrams, then read an article. The other group had to move between the two tasks every 150 seconds. Of course, the second group solved fewer of the anagrams than the first group. And also, they got lower grades on the test of reading comprehension because they had to adapt to a new task every short term. However, they got high grades on the test of divergent thinking. In this test, there were some questions that ask subjects to recite various answers to odd problems. For example, the participants had to think of as many uses as possible for the rolling pin or imagine a world where everyone has three arms. The participants who belonged to the second group wrote a greater volume of answers. And also, their answers were more creative than the answers of the first group. The Medical Students who Enrolled the Art Class A few years ago, researchers took 18 randomly chosen medical students and they enrolled them in a course at the Philadelphia Museum of Art. They learned to criticize and analyze works of visual art. At the end of the course, these students were compared with a control group of their fellow medical students. The ones who had taken the art course had become substantially better at performing tasks than the other group. “The ones who had taken the art course had become substantially better at performing tasks.” How to Start Slow Motion Multitasking for Ourselves We took a look at what slow motion multitasking is, and 2 important ways to do it(recommended by Tim Harford). We also looked at how Einstein, Darwin, and some medical students do slow motion multi-tasking. Now we know that innovators are slow motion multitaskers, so let’s try it for ourselves. Here are some ways to try it out at school, and why you should do so. Use the School Facilities /Systems or Your Surroundings Just like the medical students who took an Art course, you can take other courses and broaden your point of view and strengthen your capacities. If you do not have the time to take other courses, choose a liberal arts class that matches your interests. SMU has made a well-balanced liberal arts class system and coding education classes that can help you do that. Do you want to dig a bit deeper than taking classes? Then take another course other than your major, because the SMU system allows us to have a multiple, linked, or double major. Or do you want to hang out with people who have various majors and dig deeper at the same time? Then make or join a club. Maybe in these other courses or clubs, you can make a new hobby or find new interesting subjects to make a project or research about. Maybe you want to take a break or postpone your work for a bit. Then you can take a look at exhibitions held at the SMU Museum(Seoul campus), or other exhibitions near the school. If you are a student in the Cheonan campus, take a look at exhibitons or plays held by Art/Design/Acting related major students. It will be worth your time. How to Stop These Multiple Projects from Becoming Overwhelming – Taking Control Having many tasks and topics to control can become overwhelming. When that happens, it could be difficult for you to switch them around, making you confused. Below are some ways we can organize these projects and take control of ourselves. -1 Make a List of Your Projects: The famous choreographer, Twyla Thorp, makes a box for each of her projects (different dance genres) and puts all the things, CDS, idea notebooks, and related into each box. You can make a box too, like Thorp. However, we can’t always have those boxes right next to us. For those people, here is another way to ‘make a box.’ Make a report for each of your projects. If you have enough time, make a report in a proper document form. If you don’t, use a memo application (Naver Memo, Evernote, S-Note etc). Make a file for each project and gather all the ideas and checklists. Checklists are especially good; because you can keep an eye on how much you have got done for each project through steady habits of taking notes. -2 Put Down Your Phone and Take Control: Turn off all the SNS messages and e-mail alarms that are not urgent. Are you are having a really hard time with putting down your phone? Then try to put your lists of projects into your phone, using the way above. If it is possible, you can try to do your projects with your phones. However, this is just a way to do projects if you spend most of your time on the road, or in environments where you can’t use other data or materials other than your phone. It is not the best way to do any project in the long-run, so I will recommend you to take control of your phone. Why Slow Motion Multitasking is Good for You We know that creative people have this point in common, but how can it help us and why is it powerful? Why does it solve problems? -1 Learning to Do One Thing Well Often Helps You to Do Something Else: If you want to be better at what you do, spend some time doing something else even if the field seems distinct. This kind of cross-training even helped the medical students above with doing their thing well. Those medical students who took art classes were better at analyzing photos. -2 It Provides Assistance When Stuck: Being stuck on one thing is an opportunity to do something else challenging. Writers with writer’s block and scientists who are stuck take a break. Writers write another book, and scientists change their research topic. Darwin didn’t just make The Origin of Species out of nowhere. As we know from above, he studied his son, earthworms, economics, and many other topics, and this various topic-changing/multi-tasking led him to do successful research. If you are stuck too, take a break or change the topic, just like him. -3 It is a Powerful Way to Organize Our Lives. Now, Just Do It. Get to Work: No project can be done without a start. It is the same for slow motion multitasking. You can’t be doing nothing if you want to multitask. No excuses are needed, just start a project. Do it, yes, let’s get to work. *Anagram:A word or phrase made by using the letters of another word or phrase in a different order. For example, LISTEN is the anagram of SILENT. Sources: http://newspeppermint.com/2015/09/24/m-multi3/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yjYrxcGSWX4&feature=youtu.be https://www.ft.com/content/bbf1f84a-51c2-11e5-8642-453585f2cfcd https://boingboing.net/2019/01/25/do-it-all.html http://physica.gsnu.ac.kr/physedu/laserholo/laserpri/laserprin.html Image by Jackie Ramirez from Pixabay Image by WikiImages from Pixabay https://www.apbspeakers.com/speaker/twyla-tharp/ Image by TeroVesalainen from Pixabay Image by Gerd Altmann from Pixabay Image by flaticon

• 작성일 2019-03-26
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